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An analysis of the influence of European art on Iranian lacquer paintings, from the middle of the Safavid period to the end of the Qajar period
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Taha Sanizadeh   , Ali Khaksar |
| University of Tehran |
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Abstract: (309 Views) |
Lacquer painting is one of the most important disciplines of Iranian painting, which emerged in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries, parallel to the Timurid dynasty. The most important era for the lacquer movement in Iran was from the middle of the Safavid period to the end of the Qajar period: Since the decline in illuminated manuscripts popularized lacquer paintings as the major medium for painting. This period coincides with the beginning of the foreignization of art and Iranian painters’ tendency to lean towards European art. This led to the lacquer motifs themselves undergoing drastic changes. This paper aims to analyze the dimensions, manner, and process in which lacquer art was influenced by European art during this time period. This research, which is fundamental in terms of purpose and quantitative in nature, has been conducted with a descriptive-analytical method based on a historical approach. The main goal of the paper is to establish how and to what extent the Iranian lacquer painting was influenced by European art, and exactly how the process took place. The research found that the influence of European paintings on Iranian lacquer paintings occurred on three different levels: technical, motific, and thematic. At first, Iranian artists adapted the perspective, volume, and fashion of the European paintings at the end of the Safavid era. Then, during the Zand dynasty, European motifs began replacing Iranian motifs, which manifested in examples such as flora and fauna as well as gilding. Lastly, the most profound effects of this phenomenon were the appearance of European subjects and themes, which found their way into Lacquer art through means such as western military uniforms, Christian imagery, redrawing European paintings, and even painting the likeness of European rulers. Thus, it can be said that the Iranian lacquer art produced from the Safavid period to the end of the Qajar period was deeply influenced by European art, a process that started with partial adaptations and led to a complete westernization of lacquer art. |
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| Keywords: Lacquer painting, miniature painting, European art, foreignization, westernization. |
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Full-Text [PDF 924 kb]
(363 Downloads)
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Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Art islamic
Received: 2024/05/10 | Accepted: 2024/08/19 | Published: 2024/09/20
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